Problemas Ontológicos dos Conceitos Químicos: uma revisão bibliográfica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56117/resbenq.2024.v5.e052413Keywords:
Ontology, Chemical Concepts, Philosophy of ChemistryAbstract
Philosophy of chemistry delves into the ontological foundations of chemical concepts, addressing central issues such as conceptual structure, mereology, reductionism, and the nature of substances. This literature review surveys key ontological challenges in the field, focusing on prominent academic journals including Hyle and Foundations of Chemistry. Influential authors like Eric Scerri and Vanessa Seifert explore diverse approaches ranging from structuralist interpretations to dynamic views of chemical processes. Mereology is highlighted for its examination of part-whole relationships within chemical systems, emphasizing emergent properties resulting from complex interactions among chemical components. The debate on reductionism oscillates between integrating chemistry entirely into fundamental physical principles and asserting the ontological autonomy of chemistry as a discipline. Understanding these debates is crucial for elucidating how levels of explanation in chemistry relate to other natural sciences and whether chemical properties can be fully reduced to more fundamental physical laws. The definition of chemical substance emerges as a critical point in philosophy of chemistry, influenced by various epistemological perspectives that shape our conception of individual chemical entities and their distinctive properties. This aspect underscores the interplay between scientific theories and underlying philosophical concepts that inform our understanding of chemical entities in the natural world. Philosophy of process in chemistry emphasizes the dynamics and temporality of chemical phenomena, highlighting the role of context and environmental conditions in determining chemical transformations. This approach underscores that chemical processes are not only static but also evolutionary, contingent upon contextual factors that influence their dynamics.
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