Prompt Engineering and the critical use of Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry Education: a narrative literature review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56117/resbenq.2026.v7.e072609

Keywords:

Prompt Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Chemistry Education

Abstract

The rapid spread of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in educational contexts has raised expectations and tensions, yet there is still limited systematization on how to guide this interaction through Prompt Engineering (PE) strategies. Accordingly, this article aimed to identify and analyze, through a Narrative Literature Review (NLR), the main conceptions, approaches, and/or PE strategies associated with the use of GAI in Chemistry Education, discussing their foundations, potential, and limits. To this end, we searched four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar), followed by duplicate removal, application of exclusion criteria, and full-text reading of the remaining records. The final corpus comprised seven studies, all international, reinforcing both the emergent character of the topic and the limited body of publications aligned with this scope. To identify and classify PE strategies, we adopted the taxonomy proposed by Chen et al. (2025) as a theoretical-methodological basis and conducted an analytical and interpretive reading of the articles. The results indicate a predominance of basic PE strategies, suggesting that PE has been used more often as a pragmatic condition for employing GAI than as a deliberate pedagogical object. The only advanced strategy identified across the studies was the strategy named Chain-of-Thought. Still, two specific strategies—“Five S” Prompting and Prompt Cueing—signal efforts toward educational recontextualization. In the discussion, we organize the findings into guiding propositions, including a proposed definition of PE as a didactic-discursive artifact that translates teachers’ choices regarding objectives and quality criteria, as well as a digital competence to be taught. Finally, we systematize prompt examples in Portuguese to support situated decisions by teachers and students, from request design to verification and formative feedback.

Author Biographies

Guilherme Gonçalves Costa, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)

I hold a Master's degree (2020) and a Teaching degree in Chemistry (2024) from the University of Campinas - UNICAMP, and a Bachelor's degree (2017) in Chemistry from the São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Campus Araraquara. Currently, I am pursuing a Ph.D. in Chemistry, also at UNICAMP. My research revolves around Science and Chemistry Education, focusing on professional development and initial and continuing teacher education. I am particularly interested in investigating professional knowledge, teacher identities, educational planning, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). I conduct my research within the frameworks of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), and Multistrategic Didactic Units (MDU).

Feliphe Cristiano Belluci, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)

Chemistry teaching degree (Licentiate) from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) (2025). I am currently pursuing an M.Sc. in Chemistry at IQ/UNICAMP, with a project focused on systematizing knowledge on Media and Information Literacy (MIL) and its interface with Chemistry and related fields, with the aim of developing proposals for implementing MIL in Science Education. During my undergraduate studies, I held an Undergraduate Research scholarship (2022–2025) in projects related to UNICAMP students’ performance in Chemistry courses during the COVID-19 pandemic, the systematization of blended-learning proposals in higher education, and the investigation of teachers’ professional knowledge and expertise through the use of technologies. My professional trajectory also includes experience as a Chemistry tutoring/support instructor (2022–present) and as a Chemistry teacher (Jan 2026–present) in private basic-education institutions.

Gildo Girotto Júnior, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)

I am a Livre-Docente Professor at the Institute of Chemistry of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). I hold a teaching degree from UNESP (Araraquara campus) and completed my M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Chemistry Education through the Interunit Graduate Program in Science Education at the University of São Paulo (USP). I conducted an international research internship (postdoctoral research stay) at the University of Porto, Portugal, during 2023 and 2024. I worked in basic education for nine years, teaching in state, municipal, and federal schools, as well as in private institutions and university entrance exam preparatory courses. In 2016, I joined higher education at the Federal University of Lavras, and in 2017 I began my career at UNICAMP. Throughout my career, my research has focused on teacher education, with an emphasis on the analysis and development of professional and technological knowledge for teaching, interdisciplinary practices, and science communication initiatives, including investigations into the nature of science and science denialism. I have supervised PIBID scholarship holders and currently supervise participants in the Pedagogical Residency program. My current research is oriented toward the following lines: investigating the education and development of teachers’ professional knowledge and expertise; developing and analyzing instructional materials for chemistry teaching supported by technologies; and research on science communication. Within these lines, one of my current interests involves the study of teachers’ digital competencies, STEM and STEAM educational practices, and the use of artificial intelligence systems.

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Published

2026-09-25

How to Cite

Gonçalves Costa, G., Belluci, F. C., & Girotto Júnior, G. (2026). Prompt Engineering and the critical use of Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry Education: a narrative literature review. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Ensino De Química, 7(1), e072609. https://doi.org/10.56117/resbenq.2026.v7.e072609